References: Triage^® Cardiac Panel

1. Ng SM, Krishnaswamy P, Morissey R, Clopton P, Fitzgerald R, Maisel AS. Ninety minute accelerated critical pathway for chest pain evaluation. Am J Cardiol. 2001; 104: 1454-1456.
2. McCord J, Nowak RM, McCullough PA, et al. Ninety minute exclusion of acute myocardial infarction using quantitative point of care testing of myoglobin and troponin I. Circulation.In press.
3. Triage^® Cardiac Panel [product insert]. San Diego, Calif; Biosite Incorporated; 2000.

References: Chest Pain & ACS

1. American Heart Association. 2002 Heart and Stroke Statistical Update. Available at: http://www.americanheart.org.
2. McCaig LF. National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey: 1998 Emergency Department Summary. Advance Data/NCHS. 2000; 113.
3. Burt CW: Summary Statistics for Acute Cardiac Ischemia and Chest Pain Visits to United States EDs, 1995-1996. Am J Emerg Med. 1999; 17:552-559
4. McCarthy BD, Wong JB, Selker HP. Detecting acute cardiac ischemia in the emergency department: a review of the literature. J Gen Intern Med. 1990;5:365-373.
5. Lambrew CT. Chest pain evaluation: through a glass darkly. Ann Emerg Med. 1997;29:163-164.
6. Tatum JL, Jesse RL, Kontos MC, et al. Comprehensive strategy for the evaluation and triage of the chest pain patient. Ann Emerg Med. 1997;29:116-125.

References: Cardiac Markers

1. Newby LK, Storrow AB, Gibler WB, et al. Bedside multimarker testing for risk stratification in chest pain units. The Chest Pain Evaluation by Creatine Kinase-MB, Myoglobin, and Troponin I (CHECKMATE) Study. Circulation. 2001;103(14):1832-1837.
2. Ng SM, Krishnaswamy P, Morissey R, Clopton P, Fitzgerald R, Maisel AS. Ninety minute accelerated critical care pathway for chest pain evaluation. Am J Cardiol. 2001; 88:611-617.
3. Lindahl B, Venge P, Wallentin L. Early diagnosis and exclusion of acute myocardial infarction using biochemical monitoring. Coron Artery Dis. 1995;6:321-328.
4. Newby LK, Christenson RH, Ohman EM, et al. Value of serial troponin T measures for early and late risk stratification in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Circulation. 1998;98:1853-1859.
5. Lee TH, Juarez G, Cook EF, et al. Ruling out acute myocardial infarction: a prospective validation of a 12-hour strategy for patients at low risk. N Engl J Med. 1997;337(23):1648-1653.
6. Hamm CW, Goldman BU, Heeschen C, et al. Emergency room triage of patients with acute chest pain by means of rapid testing for cardiac troponin T or troponin I. N Eng J Med. 1997;337(23):1648-1653.

References: Economics & Diagnosis

1. McCord J, Nowak RM, McCullough PA, et al. Ninety minute exclusion of acute myocardial infarction using quantitative point of care testing of myoglobin and troponin I. Circulation. 2001; 104:1454-1456.
2. Ryan TJ, Anderson JL, Antman EM, et al. ACC/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with acute myocardial infarction. A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on Management of Acute Myocardial Infarction). J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996;28:1328–1428.
3. The Cardiology Roundtable. Perfecting MI rule out. Best practices for emergency evaluation of chest pain. Washington, DC: The Advisory Board Co; 1994.
4. Tierney WM, Fitzgerald J, McHenry R, et al. Physicians’ estimates of the probability of myocardial infarction in emergency room patients with chest pain. Med Decisions Making. 1986;6:12–17.
5. Burt CW: Summary Statistics for Acute Cardiac Ischemia and Chest Pain Visits to United States EDs, 1995-1996. Am J Emerg Med. 1999;17:552-559.
6. Hamm CW, Goldman BU, Heeschen C, Kreymann G, Berger J, Meinertz T: Emergency room triage of patients with acute chest pain by means of rapid testing for cardiac troponin T or troponin I. N Engl J Med. 1997:1648.